Different digital walkie talkie standards have different specific practices. The dPMR system adopted by ICOM digital walkie talkie and the old version of the American P25 system used frequency division mode (FDMA) to divide a 12.5kHz channel into two channels with a bandwidth of 6.25kHz, while the DMR system in Europe and the new version of the American P25 used time division mode (TDMA) (such products are produced by Motorola and Hytera in Shenzhen) to divide a 12.5kHz channel into two cross time slices in time, Transmit one channel each. The latter has more advantages, for example, a relay station can relay two channels at the same time. For example, in general, when a walkie talkie presses the PTT, others cannot stop it. However, in TDMA standard walkie talkies, when the PTT is pressed, they actually transmit intermittently. In special emergency situations, the channel occupying the B time slot can be used to send a remote kill signal and forcibly turn off the walkie talkie occupying the A signal transmission.
In addition, digital walkie talkies also require efficient encoding of speech, as narrow channels with only 6.25kHz bandwidth cannot transmit simple analog-to-digital converted speech with high quality. It is necessary to use certain algorithms to compress speech into low-speed digital signals such as 2.4kpbs. When transmission conditions are poor, it can even be compressed to a low speed of 0.6kbps to reduce bit error rate and maintain a minimum readability of speech by reducing fidelity. So the interoperability and relay between different digital walkie talkies need to solve compatibility issues at many checkpoints. The foreign amateur community often adopts the ICOM products launched earlier in the D-Star system developed by JARL in Japan. With the gradual rise of China's professional digital walkie talkie industry and the gradual formulation of domestic standards, amateur digital relay stations in China will inevitably encounter interoperability issues between different formats in the future.Retract

A wireless walkie talkie designed and produced specifically to meet the needs of radio enthusiasts. This type of walkie talkie can also be referred to as a "play machine". For this amateur personal radio service, each country has opened up a dedicated frequency band to allocate to Amateur radio sports enthusiasts. The frequency bands opened up in China are 144~146MHz and 430~440MHz, which are generally used by countries around the world.
The Radio Frequency Planning of the China issued by the State Radio Administration of the Ministry of Information Industry in October 2001 has special instructions for Amateur radio enthusiasts and amateur businesses "Amateur business: radio communication business for Amateur radio radio enthusiasts to carry out self training, mutual communication and technical research. Amateur radio refers to officially approved people who are interested in radio technology. Their interests are purely personal hobbies and do not involve seeking profits." As the frequency range of radio walkie talkies is limited, the environmental conditions and use requirements for use are different from professional walkie talkies. The main features of an amateur computer are its compact size, complete functionality, and ability to perform frequency scanning. It can be directly set on the panel and display frequency points. Its technical indicators, equipment stability, frequency stability, reliability, and working environment are also relatively poor compared to professional radios. The direct result is that the cost of amateur computers is also lower to meet the needs of individual purchases.Retract

Most users of professional radios are used in the professional business of group teams. Therefore, the characteristic of professional radio walkie talkies is their simple and practical functions. In the design, there are various communication interfaces reserved for users for secondary development. The frequency report settings are mostly set through computer programming, and users cannot change the frequency. The panel only displays the number of channels and does not directly display frequency points. The frequency has good confidentiality, high stability, and is not easy to run. In long-term work, its stability and reliability are high.Retract

Only walkie talkies that directly use digital signal processors are truly digital walkie talkies, while walkie talkies that use digital control signals (such as those in trunking systems) are not considered digital walkie talkies. Digital walkie talkies have many advantages. Firstly, they can better utilize spectrum resources. Similar to cellular digital technology, digital walkie talkies can load more users on a designated channel such as 25KHZ, improving spectrum utilization. This is a solution to frequency congestion and has long-term significance. Secondly, it is to improve the quality of speech. Due to the built-in error correction function of digital communication technology, compared to analog walkie talkies, it can achieve better speech and audio quality in a wider range of signal environments, resulting in less received audio noise and clearer sound. The final point is to improve and enhance the integration of voice and data, and to address the weakness of control signals decreasing with increasing communication distance. Compared with similar integrated analog voice and data systems, digital walkie talkies can provide better data processing and interface functions, allowing more data applications to be integrated into the same bidirectional wireless communication base station structure, making the integration of voice and data services more complete and convenient. These three major characteristics make digital walkie talkies an inevitable trend in the development of future walkie talkie technology. In the 1970s, Motorola introduced digital technology into the design of walkie talkie system. In 1975, it produced a DVP walkie talkie with digital voice encryption. In 1980, it developed a digital data communication system. In 1991, during the Desert Storm Operation, 35000 digital walkie talkies were used. It is obvious that with the development of wireless communication technology, the improvement of people's requirements for wireless communication quality, and the increasing demand for spectrum resources, digital walkie talkies will inevitably have a huge demand market. But no matter how widely digital walkie talkies are used, analog technology, which is already very mature in walkie talkie technology, will continue to serve the design of walkie talkies for a long time, developing towards small size, low cost, strong functionality, and more commercialization to meet the different needs of communication users. Digital walkie talkies cannot replace analog walkie talkies in the short term, and these two types of walkie talkies will develop together based on their respective characteristicsRetract